IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES OF SOME BIOLOGISTS
- F. Jansen & Jade Jansen (1590): Discovered microscope.
- Robert Hooke (1665): Firstly discovered cell from the piece of cork.
- Fontana (1781): Discovered the occurrence of the nucleus in the cell.
- Robert Brown (1831): Discovered Nucleus.
- Dujardin (1835): Discovered the occurrence of the semiliquid gel-like substance in the cell.
- Parkinjii (1837): Naming the semi-liquid substance of the cell as ‘Protoplasm’.
- Schleiden & Schwann (1839): Discovered the cell theory.
- Roberts (1879): Discovered that the cell is the structural and functional unit of the body.
- Dougherty (1957): Divides firstly, cell into Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Category.
- Knol & Ruska (1931): Discovered Electron microscope.
- Wagner (1832): Discovered nucleolus present in the nucleus.
- Hugo phew Mol (1846): Firstly naming of Protoplasm.
- Robertson (1959): Firstly naming cell membrane as ‘Unit membrane’ due to its 3-layered P-L-P-Structural modification.
- Singer & Nicholson (1972): Discovered Fluid-Mosaic-Model’ of the cell membrane.
- Benda (1897): Discovered ‘mitochondria’ as respiratory maintainer organelle of the cell.
- Porter (1945): Firstly identified Endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
- The Dubey (1955): Discovered Lysosome.
- E. Haeckel (1866): Discovered Plastid.
- Schimper (1883): Identifying and naming of Chloroplast.
- Boveri (1888): Discovered Centriole.
- Fan Bendane (1887): Discovered Centrosome.
- Camillo Golgi (1891): Discovered Golgi bodies in the nervous system of an owl.
- Palladey (1955): Firstly naming of “Ribosome”
- Wallace (1888): Discovered Chromosome.
- Altmann (1899): Naming of DNA.
- Watson & Crick (1953): Discovered the double-helical structure of DNA.
- Fleming (1880): Identifying & naming of mitosis process.
- Miescher (1869): Firstly identified the occurrence of DNA in the cell.
- Avery, Macleod, McCarty (1944): Proved that DNA is the genetic material.
- Boveri (1902): Chromosome is the genetic material.
- Horgovind Khorana (1966): Discovered the occurrence of code in genetic code.
- Landsteiner (1905): Discovered the ABO-blood classification system.
- Landsteiner & Weiner (1940): Discovered Rh-factor.
- J.B. Herrick (1910): Discovered sickle cell anaemia.
- Levitte (1974): Define the movement of proton in the opening of stomata.
- Barnes (1898): Discovered the term ‘photosynthesis’.
- Von Helmont (1648): Proved that glucose or food was prepared from water by the photosynthetic examination in the Weello plant.
- Joseph Priestley (1772): Discovered that O is released during the preparation of food in plants.
- Jean Senebier (1782): Discovered that plants absorb CO2 during photosynthesis.
- Robert Shaun Meyer (1844): Discovered that sunlight is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
- Blackmann (1905): Photosynthesis occurred, divided into light and dark reactions.
- Robin Hill (1937): Identified photolysis during photosynthesis.
- Benson & Calvin (1956): Identified ‘Calvin cycle’ in Chlorella plant.
- Emerson (1958): Proved that 8 quanta energy required for reduction of 1 mol. CO2.
- Ruben & Camen (1941): Proved that O2 is released from water during photosynthesis.
- Embden, Meyerhoff, Parnes Identified EMP-Pathway.
- Hans Krebs (1937): Discovered citric acid cycle in respiration.
- Hamberger (1918): Identified chloride shift.
- J. C. Bose (1923): Defined about ‘ascent of sap’.
- Stephen Hales (1727): Proved the ‘Root-Pressure’ theory.
- Dixon & Jolly (1894): Defined about the ascent of sap.
- William Harvey (1628): Discovered the blood circulation system in animals.
- Stephen Heal (1733): Measured blood pressure of artery.
- Casimir Funk (1912): Naming of Vitamin.
- Koon (1875): Naming of the enzyme.
- Bellis & Starling (1905): Naming of Hormone.
- Chailakhian (1936): Discovered florigen.
- Miller (1955): Discovered cytokinin from the extract of yeast.
- Bentinch & Baste (1922): Discovered Insulin.
- Graves (1835): Defined about goitre disease.
- Langerhans (1869): Islets of Langerhans in Pancreas, discovered.
- Muller (1927): Discovered the mutation ability of X-ray.
- Morgan (1910): Discovered the sex linkage of Drosophila.
- Bridges (1917-23): Discovered sex determination and Gene continuity.
- Beadle and Tatum (1941): Discovered ‘One-Gene-One-Enzyme theory’.
- Murray & Bar (1949): Discovered Barr body or sex chromatin.
- Klinefilter (1942): Discovered Klinefelterr Syndrome’.
- Turner (1938): Discovered ‘turner-Syndrome’.
- Langdon Down (1866): Discovered Down-Syndrome’.
- Pfluger (1829-1910): Finding the ‘Cyanogen-theory’ of evolution.
- Kaviar (1769-1832): Discovered the ‘Natural-Calamities’ of evolution.
- Herbert Spencer (1820-1903): Discovered the term ‘Survival of the fittest.
- Earnst Heckel (1874): Discovered ‘Biogenetic Law’.
- Lamarck (1805): Discovered, Law of inheritance of acquired characters.
- Charles Darwin (1859): Discovered the theory of “Natural Selection”.
- Weismann (1883): Discovered the ‘Germplasm’ theory.
- Hugo de Vries (1901): Discovered the ‘Mutation’ theory.
- Augustin P. de Candolle (1813): Firstly discovered the term ‘taxonomy’.
- Linnaeus (1753): Discovered the “Binomial nomenclature.
- Bentham & Hooker (1862-83): Discovered the ‘Genera Plantarum’ and is recognised as the father of an advanced classification system.
- Tansley (1935): Discovered the term ‘Ecosystem’.
- Odum (1966): Finding the definition of ‘food chain’.
- Leuwenhoek (1632): Finding Pathogen.
- Jenner (1796): Discovered the vaccine of smallpox.
- Pasteur (1885):Discovered the pasteurization technique for avoiding infections of milk.
- Laveran (1880): Discovered the pathogen Plasmodium malaria in the blood of malaria Quantaminated patient.
- Koch (1882):Discovered the pathogen of tuberculosis.
- Ross (1903): Discovered the pathogen Leishmania donovani of kala-azar.
- Ronald Ross (1885): Discovered the role of female anopheles in malaria.
- Mendel (1865-96): Discovered the Laws of Heredity.